Ancient+Israel

//TEACHER SAMPLE - USING CITATIONS //
//In the following sample, students should note the different ways that citations are used: // //1. Direct citation : This kind of citation uses the exact words from another source. Note the use of the quotation marks ("). You must use the quotation marks and a citation if you copy other work into your own. //

//2. Indirect citation : This type of citation is more difficult to understand. Here, the citation shows that the idea did not come from the writer; e.g. The Ten Commandments became the law of Israel - how did the know that? The writer did NOT know that. The writer has used his own words to express the information, but must show that the original idea is not his. //

//3. Citation of source material : Whether the source material is a few words, a paragraph, a picture, a chart, a graph, a map or anything that the writer did not make, then they must cite the source of information. //

Culture - Beliefs:
Unlike the Greeks or the Romans, ancient Israelites believed in one god. This is called monotheism. The ancient Israelites could connect with this god in many ways, even today: “Each individual’s relationship with God is unique and personal” (Pelaia, 2011). The Ten Commandments were and continue to be very important. They formed the basis of the laws in ancient Israel (Carnine, Cortes, Curtis & Robinson, 2009). There are many different versions of the Ten Commandments. Here is one version of the Ten Commandments:

6 I am the LORD thy God, which brought thee out of the land of Egypt, from the house of bondage. 7 Thou shalt have none other gods before me. 8 Thou shalt not make thee any graven image, or any likeness of any thing that is in heaven above, or that is in the earth beneath, or that is in the waters beneath the earth: 9 Thou shalt not bow down thyself unto them, nor serve them: for I the LORD thy God am a jealous God, visiting the iniquity of the fathers upon the children unto the third and fourth generation of them that hate me, 10 And shewing mercy unto thousands of them that love me and keep my commandments. 11 Thou shalt not take the name of the LORD thy God in vain: for the LORD will not hold him guiltless that taketh his name in vain. 12 Keep the sabbath day to sanctify it, as the LORD thy God hath commanded thee. 13 Six days thou shalt labour, and do all thy work: 14 But the seventh day is the sabbath of the LORD thy God: in it thou shalt not do any work, thou, nor thy son, nor thy daughter, nor thy manservant, nor thy maidservant, nor thine ox, nor thine ass, nor any of thy cattle, nor thy stranger that is within thy gates; that thy manservant and thy maidservant may rest as well as thou. 15 And remember that thou wast a servant in the land of Egypt, and that the LORD thy God brought thee out thence through a mighty hand and by a stretched out arm: therefore the LORD thy God commanded thee to keep the sabbath day. 16 Honour thy father and thy mother, as the LORD thy God hath commanded thee; that thy days may be prolonged, and that it may go well with thee, in the land which the LORD thy God giveth thee. 17 Thou shalt not kill. 18 Neither shalt thou commit adultery. 19 Neither shalt thou steal. 20 Neither shalt thou bear false witness against thy neighbour. 21 Neither shalt thou desire thy neighbour's wife, neither shalt thou covet thy neighbour's house, his field, or his manservant, or his maidservant, his ox, or his ass, or any thing that is thy neighbour's. (Robinson, 2010)

These laws told people not to kill or steal. They also expected people to recognize only one god, and to work every day of the week except one. On one day, the people were expected to pray and to honour this god. As a result, people were not allowed to do work on this day, which was and is still called the Sabbath.